What Actually Is Eczema? Plus, Products to Help Soothe It

What Is Eczema?

Eczema is a common, non-contagious skin condition that is characterized by red, dry, scaly or itchy skin. In more severe cases, skin can crack, bleed and crust. In the U.S. alone, one in 10 individuals will develop eczema at some point in their lives. While it’s most common in children, it can affect people of all ages. 

There are seven types of eczema, including atopic dermatitis and contact dermatitis. Contact dermatitis is when your skin touches or comes into contact with an irritant that causes an itchy rash. Atopic dermatitis, however, is the most common form of eczema. It is generally marked by patches of dry, red skin that may be scaly-looking. Typically, this type of eczema presents on the face, neck, and the insides of the elbows, knees, and ankles. 

What Can Cause Eczema?

Though eczema affects so many people, according to the American Academy of Dermatology (AAD), doctors haven’t pin-pointed the exact cause. However, it is believed that contributing factors include genetics, allergies and other triggers. Common triggers include dry skin, irritants like soap, detergent or body wash, pet dander, scratchy fabrics, excessive sweat, certain soaps, dust and more.

How to Help Care for Eczema-Prone Skin

There is no way to get rid of eczema, but according to the AAD, you can help control it. One key to caring for eczema-prone skin is hydration. Look for moisturizing skincare products that have been formulated with eczema-prone skin in mind, like the La Roche-Posay Lipikar Eczema Cream. This steroid and antibiotic-free eczema cream is accepted by the National Eczema Association and helps to soothe irritated skin. We also recommend a barrier repair face cream like the Kiehl’s Ultra Facial Advanced Repair Barrier Cream.

“It is also important to use key ingredients that help to support the skin barrier such as ceramides, as it is known that those with eczema have a reduction in ceramides, and occlusives like petrolatum, which help to lock moisture in,” says board-certified dermatologist Dr. Marisa Garshick.  Formulated with ceramides, the CeraVe Eczema Creamy Oil is a featherweight, creamy oil which hydrates and calms itchy skin while restoring the skin’s barrier.

Another way you can help care for eczema-prone skin is by adjusting your shower habits. “It is important to take short showers only once per day, as water can be irritating to the skin,” says Dr. Garshick. “Additionally, it is best to use lukewarm water.” Finally, it’s important to be thoughtful about the skincare products you use in addition to your moisturizer. “Those with eczema should avoid harsh soaps or abrasive scrubs, as this can disrupt the skin barrier and contribute to further moisture loss,” Dr. Garshick adds.